– By Ehon, Idialu Anthony Ph.D. (Health Economics and Health System Development Specialist)
Mental health issues among women, girls, and children in Nigeria have become a pressing concern, with significant implications for the nation’s progress toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The World Health Organization estimates that approximately 40 million Nigerians are affected by mental illness, with women and children being particularly vulnerable due to socio-economic, cultural, and systemic factors.
Among women, mental health challenges are often exacerbated by factors such as poverty, gender-based violence, and limited access to healthcare services. A systematic review highlighted that socio-economic hardships, postpartum depression, and cultural stigmas contribute significantly to the mental health burden among Nigerian women. These challenges not only affect women’s well-being but also have ripple effects on families and communities, hindering efforts to promote gender equality and empower all women and girls, as outlined in SDG 5.
Children and adolescents in Nigeria are also facing increasing mental health issues, often stemming from displacement due to conflicts, poverty, and lack of access to quality education and healthcare. Studies have shown that displaced young people exhibit high levels of psychological distress, which, if unaddressed, can lead to long-term developmental challenges. This situation poses a significant barrier to achieving SDG 3, which aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.
The shortage of mental health professionals in Nigeria further compounds the issue. With only about 350 psychiatrists serving a population of over 200 million, access to mental health care is severely limited, especially in rural areas. This gap in the healthcare system undermines efforts to achieve universal health coverage and equitable access to quality health services, key targets of SDG 3.
Stigma surrounding mental health remains a significant barrier to seeking care. Cultural and religious beliefs often associate mental illness with supernatural causes, leading many to seek help from traditional healers rather than medical professionals. This stigma not only delays treatment but also perpetuates discrimination, violating the principles of SDG 10, which focuses on reducing inequalities.
The economic implications of unaddressed mental health issues are profound. Mental health disorders can lead to decreased productivity, increased healthcare costs, and hindered educational attainment, all of which impede economic growth and poverty reduction efforts central to SDG 1 and SDG 8.
Addressing mental health challenges requires a multi-faceted approach. Integrating mental health services into primary healthcare, increasing investment in mental health infrastructure, and implementing community-based interventions can enhance accessibility and reduce stigma. Educational campaigns to raise awareness and promote mental well-being are also crucial.
In conclusion, tackling mental health issues among women, girls, and children is essential for Nigeria to make meaningful progress toward the SDGs. Prioritizing mental health in national development agendas, Nigeria can foster a healthier, more equitable society where all individuals have the opportunity to thrive.
